Here is the breakdown of what each Notification toggle does:

Hospital notifications:

This toggles all notifications involving normal patients, treatment room patients and Masteries. This will also toggle all notifications about cures needed for those patients, as well as rewards for curing them.

Laboratory notifications:

This toggles all notifications you would get when all queued cures or elixirs are ready to be collected.

Medicinal Garden notifications:

This toggles notifications when plants are ready for harvest.

Building notifications:

This toggles notifications you would get when room or machine under construction is ready.

V.I.P. notifications:

This toggles all notifications for V.I.P. patients like: New V.I.P arrived, diagnose of V.I.P. has ended, V.I.P. is ready to be cured.

Anti-Epidemic Center notifications:

This toggles all notifications for Anti-Epidemic center.

Daily Quests notifications:

This toggles notifications for Daily Quest like: DQ day is ending or new day of DQ has started

Bubble Boy notifications:

This toggles BB notifications when free mini-game is available to you.

Event notifications:

This toggles notifications for Global Events like: Global Event has started or reminder about ongoing Global Event.

Friends notifications:

This toggles all notifications when you're receiving gifts or help requests from your friends.